Figure 7. Human androgen receptor gene was mapped to the long arm of the X chromosome. The human androgen receptor gene consists of coding exons and unusually long 5’- and 3’ UTRs. These have been shown to be important for transcriptional regulation (binding sites for both positive and negative regulatory factors) in the case of the 5’UTR. The 3’UTR region of the mRNA is targeted by a number of microRNAs (miRNAs). The androgen receptor has been shown to downregulate its own mRNA through response elements located in the 5’UTR and exon 2.