etx-diabetes-ch36-fig2

Figure 2. Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction due to non-ischemic cardiomyopathy in a patient with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes. 59-year-old male patient with a history of hypertension (medically managed), class I obesity, hyperlipidemia, moderate alcohol consumption, and undiagnosed type-2 diabetes (HbA1c = 13.5) presented with dyspnea on exertion, orthopnea, and leg edema and he was admitted with the diagnoses of acute decompensated heart failure. (A) His ECG on presentation demonstrated left ventricular hypertrophy with repolarization abnormalities. (B and C) His echocardiography revealed a dilated left ventricle with severely reduced systolic function and diffuse hypokinesis, an ejection fraction of 25-30%, eccentric left ventricular hypertrophy. (D and E) His coronary angiography, which was performed for ischemic evaluation demonstrated no evidence of significant epicardial coronary artery disease. The patient’s non-ischemic cardiomyopathy was attributed to a mixed presentation of alcoholic and diabetic cardiomyopathy and hypertensive heart disease.